What bacterial structure is found only in spirochetes?

What bacterial structure is found only in spirochetes?

In spirochetes, the organelles for motility, the periplasmic flagella, reside inside the cell within the periplasmic spaceperiplasmic spaceGram-negative bacteria are surrounded by two membrane bilayers separated by a space termed the periplasm. The periplasm is a multipurpose compartment separate from the cytoplasm whose distinct reducing environment allows more efficient and diverse mechanisms of protein oxidation, folding, and quality control.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › The gram-negative bacterial periplasm: Size matters – PubMed. A given periplasmic flagellum is attached only at one end of the cell, and depending on the species, may or may not overlap in the center of the cell with those attached at the other end.

Can you Gram stain spirochetes?

The spirochetes are not classified as either Gram-positive or Gram-negative. When Borrelia burgdorferi is Gram-stained, the cells stain a weak Gram-negative by default, as safranin is the last dye used.

Which stains are used in biological laboratories?

Hoechst stains – two types of fluorescent stains, 33258 and 33342, these are used to stain DNA in living cells. Iodine – used as a starch indicator. When in solution, starch and iodine turn a dark blue color. Malachite green – a blue-green counterstain to safranin in Gimenez staining for bacteria.Feb 2, 2022

What is silver staining used for?

Silver staining is an excellent technique for detecting proteins which are separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis due to its efficiency of detecting proteins present in nanograms.

Can spirochetes be Gram stained?

McGraw-Hill, 2008.) Many spirochetes are difficult to see by routine microscopy. Although they are gram negative, many either take stains poorly or are too thin (0.15 μm or less) to fall within the resolving power of the light microscope.

How are spirochetes stained?

THERE are two major techniques for staining spirochetes. One consists of impregnating the spirochetes with a dye or metallic ion and rendering it visible against a light background, e. g., by use of silver impregnation and carbol-methylviolet stain.

What is unique about how spirochetes move?

Like many other bacteria, the spirochetes use long, helical appendages known as flagella to move; however, the spirochetes enclose their flagella in the periplasm, the narrow space between the inner and outer membranes. Rotation of the flagella in the periplasm causes the entire cell body to rotate and/or undulate.

How do spirochetes differ from other bacteria?

Spirochaetes are chemoheterotrophic in nature, with lengths between 3 and 500 μm and diameters around 0.09 to at least 3 μm. Spirochaetes are distinguished from other bacterial phyla by the location of their flagella, called endoflagella which are sometimes called axial filaments.

What is warthin-Starry stain used for?

Warthin-Starry (WS) staining is an ancillary stain used in the detection of Helicobacter sp., spirochaete and other microorganisms in tissue sections.

Which stain is used as biological stain?

Methylene blue – stains animal cells to make nuclei more visible. Neutral/Toluylene red – stains nuclei red and may be used on living cells.Feb 2, 2022

How is a spirochete flagella different than other bacterial flagella?

Spirochetes can be distinguished from other flagellated bacteria by their long, thin, spiral (or wavy) cell bodies and endoflagella that reside within the periplasmic space, designated as periplasmic flagella (PFs).Apr 4, 2020

What stain detects spirochetes?

Abstract. The usual method for detecting spirochetes in tissue sections is the silver stain; however, they are often difficult to detect due to marked background staining commonly seen with this technique.

Can staining be used for DNA testing?

Fluorescent stains are the most commonly used DNA stains in research labs because they are very sensitive, meaning they can detect small amounts of DNA. Fluorescent stains are easy to use and are typically added to the gel when it is being poured.

Why do spirochetes not Gram stain?

Borrelia, like most spirochetes, does have an outer membrane that contains an LPS-like substance, an inner membrane, and a periplasmic space which contains a layer of peptidoglycan. Therefore, it has a Gram-negative bacterial type cell wall, despite its staining characteristics.

Which stain is used for spirochetes?

Silver stains are typically used to identify spirochetes, but Giemsa can also be used as a quick screen for microorganisms. Warthin-Starry silver stain: Demonstrates spirochetes by staining them black.

Which stain is used for DNA detection?

GREEN STAIN is a versatile product line for the detection of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) in electrophoretic gels. Bright green fluorescent bands and very low background are its major features, together with high sensitivity and very low toxicity.

Why does Borrelia burgdorferi not Gram stain?

Borrelia, like most spirochetesspirochetesA spirochaete (/ˈspaɪroʊˌkiːt/) or spirochete is a member of the phylum Spirochaetota (/-ˈkiːtiːz/), which contains distinctive diderm (double-membrane) gram-negative bacteria, most of which have long, helically coiled (corkscrew-shaped or spiraled, hence the name) cells.https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › SpirochaeteSpirochaete – Wikipedia, does have an outer membrane that contains an LPS-like substance, an inner membrane, and a periplasmic space which contains a layer of peptidoglycan. Therefore, it has a Gram-negative bacterial type cell wall, despite its staining characteristics.

Why is it difficult to observe spirochetes?

Many spirochetes are difficult to see by routine microscopy. Although they are Gram negative, many either take stains poorly or are too thin (0.15 μm or less) to fall within the resolving power of the light microscope.

Steiner Stain Kit (Microorganism Stain) (ab150685) | Abcam

The Steiner (Microorganism Stain) (For Spirochetes) is designed for demonstrating Fungi, Helicobacter Pylori, Legionella pneumophila, and Spirochete infected tissue. Kit may be used on formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue as well as frozen sections. Other products for staining tissue sections.

Steiner Stain – Incyte Diagnostics

Steiner Stain. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks (FFPE). If tissue blocks are not available, unstained slides are acceptable (please submit 1-2 slides per antibody to be tested, cuts must be 4 microns thick). Tissue removed during a surgical procedure and placed in 10% NBF soon after removal from the patient.

Steiner Stain Kit – StatLab

The MasterTech Steiner Stain Kit differs from simliar kits by eliminating radioactive Uranyl Nitrate, providing pre-measured Hydroquinone capsules, and modifying the original technique, which creates a safer, easier to use procedure that provides optimal staining results and reduced background staining. Silver Nitrate, developed by the

The modified Steiner stain: a new use for an old stain

The modified Steiner stain is a non-specific silver stain for identifying bacteria in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. The principle behind its use is that bacteria are first sensitized using uranyl nitrate solution, making them able to precipitate silver from a silver nitrate solution.

Steiner Stain Kit (For Spirochetes)

Steiner Stain Kit (For Spirochetes) Description: The Steiner Stain Kit (For Spirochetes) is designed for demonstrating Fungi, Helicobacter Pylori, Legionella pneumophila, and Spirochete infected tissue. Kit may be used on formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue as well as frozen sections.

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PDF Steiner & Steiner Method – Spirochetes & Legionella

STEINER & STEINER METHOD Page: 3 of 3 7. 100% alcohol, 2 changes. 8. 2.5% gum mastic, 1 minute. 9. Reducing solution, microwave 40 power, 30 seconds. Agitate slides, microwave 40 power, 30 seconds. Allow slides to stand in solution for 2 minutes, or until tissue sections turn yellow or brownish yellow. 10. Rinse in 3 changes of distilled water. 11.

Steiner-Steiner Modified Silver Stain Kit – Newcomer Supply

Newcomer Supply Steiner-Steiner Modified Silver Stain Kit procedure, with included microwave modifications, is a silver technique effective for the demonstration of spirochetes, Helicobacter pylori, Legionella pneumophila, other nonfilamentous bacteria and fungus.

Microwave Steiner Method for Spirochetes and Bacteria

The most commonly used staining methods for demonstrating spirochetes and some Gram negative bacteria which stain poorly with tissue Gram stains, are the Deterle, WarthinStarry and Steiner methods.

Silver Stain Kit, modified Steiner-Steiner | Sigma-Aldrich

Silver Stain Kit, modified Steiner-Steiner; find Sigma-Aldrich-HT101A MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich

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Steiner Stain Kit (For Spirochetes) | Azer Scientific

Steiner Stain Kit (For Spirochetes) SKU ES4819 . PACKAGING: Each. $240.40 (0) No Reviews yet. Drop Ship – IN STOCK. Quantity -+ Add to Cart . Details . Designed for demonstrating Fungi, Helicobacter Pylori, Legionella pneumophila, and Spirochete infected tissue. Kit may be used on formalin fixed, para

Special Stain, Steiner | ARUP Laboratories Test Directory

Steiner Stain: 10812-6 * Component test codes cannot be used to order tests. The information provided here is not sufficient for interface builds; for a complete test mix, please click the sidebar link to access the Interface Map. Aliases Other names that describe the test. Synonyms.

Steiner Histology Stain Kit, Diagnostic Biosystems | VWR

Steiner Histology Stain Kit, Diagnostic Biosystems. Supplier: Diagnostic BioSystems. KT035 KT035. 95027-226EA 837.27 USD. CA95027-226 95027-226. Steiner Histology Stain Kit, Diagnostic Biosystems. Stains Histology Stains. This kit stains fungi, Helicobacter pylori, Legionella pneumophila and Spirochetes in paraffin tissue sections.

Steiner's silver stain for spirochetes in tissue sections

Steiner’s silver stain for spirochetes in tissue sections; a technician’s experience Am J Clin Pathol. 1946 Jan;10:21-4. Author

Warthin-Starry stain – Wikipedia

The Warthin-Starry stain (WS) is a silver nitrate-based staining method (a silver stain) used in histology.It was first introduced in 1920 by American pathologists Aldred Scott Warthin (1866-1931) and Allen Chronister Starry (1890-1973), for the detection of spirochetes. It has been considered a standard stain for the detection of spirochetes, and is also used to stain Helicobacter pylori

Steiner Stain Kit – IMEB Inc.

Standard staining method for detecting Spirochetes, Legionella and H. Pylori using uranyl nitrate and silver nitrate solutions. Results are black with yellow background. Modified Steiner Stain Kit also available. Includes: 1- 8 oz. Bottle Solution I, 1- 8 oz. Bottle Solution II, 1- 8 oz. Bottle Uranyl Nitrate solution, 1- 8 oz. Bottle Stabilized Silver Nitrate solution, 1- 8 oz. Bottle Gum

Steiner-Chapman Modified Silver Stain Kit – Newcomer Supply

APPLICATION: Newcomer Supply Steiner-Chapman Modified Silver Stain Kit procedure, with included microwave modification, is used for staining spirochetes, Helicobacter pylori, Legionella pneumophila, other nonfilamentous bacteria and fungus. This modified method eliminates the use of Uranyl Nitrate and its regulatory and disposal requirements.

Pathology Outlines – Syphilis

Steiner stain, secondary. Luetic (syphilitic) lymphadenopathy. Virtual slides. Images hosted on other servers: Secondary syphilis on acral skin. Positive stains. Silver stains: Warthin-Starry or Steiner stain (41% sensitive) (J Cutan Pathol 2004;31:595)

Steiner Stain Kit, BioVision Inc. | VWR

The Steiner Stain Kit (for Spirochetes) is designed for demonstrating Fungi, Helicobacter pylori, Legionella pneumophila and Spirochete infected tissue.Microbiology stains are used to detect and identify microorganisms that would otherwise be difficult to find in clinical specimens. Simple positively or negatively charged dyes create a fast discovery.

Histology Special Stain Kits – IHC WORLD

Steiner Stain Kit (For Spirochetes): The Steiner Stain Kit (For Spirochetes) is designed for demonstrating Fungi, Helicobacter Pylori, Legionella pneumophila, and Spirochete infected tissue. Warthin-Starry Stain Kit: The Warthin-Starry Stain Kit is intended for use in the visualization of Spirochetes, Helicobacter pylori, Legionella pneumophila

Results for "Steiner Stain" | Abcam: antibodies, proteins

Steiner Stain (1) Filtered by. Filters. Clear all. Steiner Stain. Show more Hide. Steiner Stain Kit (Microorganism Stain) (ab150685) Description: Steiner Stain Kit (Microorganism Stain) Get resources and offers direct to your inbox Sign up. A-Z by research area. Cancer; Cardiovascular; Cell biology;

Silver staining – Wikipedia

In pathology, silver staining is the use of silver to selectively alter the appearance of a target in microscopy of histological sections; in temperature gradient gel electrophoresis; and in polyacrylamide gels.. In traditional stained glass, silver stain is a technique to produce yellow to orange or brown shades (or green on a blue glass base), by adding a mixture containing silver compounds

Histochemical Stains – ARUP Laboratories

Stain, Steiner : Stain and return service only. Spirochetes, legionella, and campylobactor stain black. 2006002: Stain, Thioflavin S : Stain and return service only. Stains senile plaques apple green under a polarizing microscope. 2006008: Stain, Toluidine Blue : Stain and return service only. Stains mast cells violet. 2006011: Stain, Trichrome

Syphilis: Spirochete Immunostain vs Steiner & Warthin

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IHC Stain List » Pathology Laboratories » College of

Download Stains by CPT Code 88342 88342:(Global Only) 88312 88313 88365 (in-situ hybridization) Double-Stains Triple-Stain Panels Immunogloblun G (IgG) 88342 Adenovirus Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Alk-1 protein Alpha 1 antichymotrypsin/A1ACT Alpha […]

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Warthin Starry Staining Technique For – LaboratoryInfo.com

The stain demonstrates black spirochetes against a yellow to pale brown background. Requirements. Acetate buffer, pH 3.6; sodium acetate = 4.1 gm acetic acid = 6.25 gm distilled water = 500 gm. 1% silver nitrate solution in pH 3.6 acetate buffer; Developer solution; 2% silver nitrate = 15 ml

Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia (PCP), Special Stain – LabCorp

The Cytology Laboratory does not offer a Pneumocystis stain by itself but does offer a cytologic interpretation of the specimen in conjunction with a special stain for PCP. This policy assures that the specimen is adequate (ie, if pulmonary macrophages are present in a sputum), as well as review for atypical or malignant cells.

CSI Laboratories Steiner Silver Stain – CSI Laboratories

Steiner Silver Stain. Test Method IHC CPT Code “88342 x 1 88341 x 1” Specimen Requirements “(1) H&E slide with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue, fixed with 10% NBF. or One (1) unbaked, unstained slide for H&E staining (required) and two to three (2-3) positively charged unstained slides (all cut at 4 microns) for each test

BenchMark Special Stains system – Diagnostics

Steiner II Staining Kit 06521894001. Trichrome Staining Kit 06521908001. Green for Trichrome 06521916001. The Clinical Value of Special Stains. Special Stains provide incremental information beyond H&E and immunohistochemistry, helping to resolve differential diagnostic challenges that can’t be addressed any other way. The value of Special

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Slide Stainers and Accessories. Instruments, equipment, accessories, and replacement parts used to simplify various slide-staining procedures. Products include automated slide stainers with various slide holding capacities, slide stainer cleaning solutions, and replacement tubing. 125 tests/ Pk.

Special Stains – University of Utah

Special Stains. Long, spiraling spirochetes are seen with a Warthin-Starry silver stain.

Special Stains – Department of Pathology and Laboratory

This stain uses carbol-fuchsin to stain the lipid walls of acid fast organisms such as M. tuberculosis. The most commonly used method is the Ziehl-Neelsen method, though there is also a Kinyoun’s method. A modification of this stain is known as the Fite stain and has a weaker acid for supposedly more delicate M. leprae bacilli.

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PDF Instrument Stain Troubleshooting Guide

If stain rubs off with a pencil eraser and no pitting exists, problem is most likely from: · High alkaline (>8) detergent residue on towels · High alkaline (>8) pH detergent used leaving a : phosphate surface deposit · Dried blood · Iodine or betadine residue · Change to Neutral pH detergent.

(PDF) Modified Genta triple stain for identifying

By combining three commonly available stains (Steiner, hematoxylin-eosin, and alcian blue at pH 2.5) into a single procedure we have developed a stain that permits the optimal detection of H

VENTANA BenchMark Special Stains system – Diagnostics

The VENTANA BenchMark Special Stains platform offers a new level of automation for special stains. Productivity features such as the ability to run any test next to any other test and bulk and waste fluid sensing improves turnaround time and optimizes workflow. Enhance workflow with proven technology. The VENTANA System Software uses an

PDF 10 ml 25 ml 200 µl INTENDED USE 45°C – Sigma-Aldrich

organisms include Warthin-Starry, Dieterle and Steiner-Steiner.1-3 These procedures frequently require elaborate solution preparation, and results can vary remarkably. The Sigma-Aldrich method is a modificationof the Steiner-Steiner method including a microwave application to accelerate and accentuate the silver stain in tissue sections.

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H. Pylori Stain Kit (Microorganism Stain) (ab150673) | Abcam

The Helicobacter pylori Rapid Stain (Microorganism Stain) is designed for demonstrating Helicobacter pylori infected tissue. Kit may be used on formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue as well as frozen sections. Other products for staining tissue sections. Find more kits and reagents in the special stains guide, or products for antigen

Treponema pallidum Immunohistochemistry is positive in

The diagnosis is most often confirmed by a silver stain such as Warthin-Starry or the Steiner stain. Although most cases are identified initially by routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain, the presence of a microvillous brush border along the surface of colonocytes can be a diagnostic pitfall, and confirmatory staining is sometimes necessary.

Stains – Microbiology – Medbullets Step 1

Gram stain . Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls that holds the crystal violet stain; Gram-negative bacteria cannot hold the crystal violet stain and are counterstained by safranin

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Reading Steiner is a term referring to the ability to, after switching world lines, retain one’s memory of events that have occurred before the switch. In 1.382733 β, this ability is referred to as President’s Disease, as those with this ability remember Puchin as the President of Russia instead of General Secretary of the Soviet Union.In other world lines in the Beta attractor field, Reading

Warthin-Starry Stain – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Spirochetes other than T. pallidum will stain with this method; B. burgdorferi, which induces similar histopathologic changes, is the one most likely to cause diagnostic confusion. In 1992, Ito and colleagues 210 introduced the use of a FITC-labeled T. pallidum -specific monoclonal antibody for immunostaining of processed tissues.

Grocott's Methenamine Silver Stain – an overview

Other special stains that find favour include the Gram Weigert and Giemsa methods 35,36 and those using monoclonal antibodies (Fig. 5.4.8). 22 The last two methods stain the trophozoite as well as the encysted form of the parasite, but as the cysts are invariably present in Pneumocystis pneumonia (and are shown by Grocott’s stain), this is a

Spirochete | NeoGenomics Laboratories

Spirochete (Treponema pallidum) is the causative agent of syphilis.In the past, localization of the spirochete agent was achieved with silver stains such as Steiners and/or Warthin-Starry. Treponema pallidum can now be successfully localized with IHC techniques in FFPE tissue.

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PDF Thermo Scientific Richard-Allan Scientific Chromaview

Modified Steiner-Steiner Silver Stain Instructions for Use Technical Discussion Microtomy Cut sections at 4-6 microns. Fixation No special requirements; formalin fixation is adequate. Quality Control A section containing spirochetes or other bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori or Legionella pneumophila should be used. Technical Procedure

Infectious Disease Pathology: Morphologic and Molecular

Pathologists and histotechnologists can play key roles in mine silver stain for fungi (Table 1). Silver impregnation recognizing infectious diseases and identifying their etio- stains such as the Steiner, Dieterle, and Warthin-Starry logic agents. In many instances, pathologists can provide procedures are required to demonstrate non-gram reactive

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PDF Appropriate Use of Special Stains for Identifying

2 Abstract Helicobacter pylori is a major cause of gastroduodenal disease, gastric cancer, and lymphoma, and thus, there is great interest in its detection and eradication. Several methods of H. pylori detection are available, including a variety of histochemical and immunohistochemical stains that may be applied to histologic sections.

Immunohistochemical Stains – LabCorp

Double stain; useful for the identification of CD43- coexpressing B-cell lymphoma. PAX-5/CD5 Double stain; useful for the identification of CD5- coexpressing B-cell lymphoma. PAX-8 Renal cell carcinoma. PC (P. carinii) Pneumocystis carinii, P. carinii, PCP, PC. Pneumocystis carinii. PD1 Angio immunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL); germinal

Staining Actin and Tubulin – from WB to Live Cell Imaging

The stains are exceptionally bright and stable and are indeed offered at very economical prices compared to other phalloidin based stains coupled to fluorophores of similar stability. Results of staining of Swiss 3T3 cells with ActiStain 488 are shown in Fig. 5. Live Cell imaging of Actin and Tubulin

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A Steiner stain (C) shows numerous bacilliform organisms in the lesion (original magnification ×600). Patch-stage Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) can also, occasionally, manifest the presence of epithelioid tumor cells, but the presence of globular eosinophilic inclusions in KS, as shown here (D), is lacking in bacillary angiomatosis.

Bacterial, Fungal, and Inclusion Body Stains for Histology

Lamps, Laura W. et al A Combined Hematoxylin and Eosin/Methenamin Silver Stain for theHistological Diagnosis of Fungi In Tissue Sections., J. of Histotechnology 23:4 p.341 – 345, 2000. RT 26123-01

An optimized staining technique for – BMC Research Notes

Schematic showing the modified Gram stain procedure. The traditional Gram stain procedure is completed in either case (top box).The major difference in the modified Gram stain procedure occurs during the dehydration process and is the application of alcoholic saffron (lower right box, highlighted in red).The yellow contrast in the connective tissue (collagen) within skin tissue is seen in the

Testing Umbilical Cords for Funisitis due to Treponema

Most previous studies of tissues have used the silver stain (Steiner) (4,6) or DFA to detect spirochetes. Problems encountered when using the silver stains include lack of specificity–most bacteria stain with Steiner–and silver precipitation frequently causing high background, which decreases sensitivity.

Sigma Diagnostics Histology Stains and Reagents – Silver

Sigma Diagnostics™ Histology Stains and Reagents – Silver Stain Kit, Modified Steiner-Steiner. Intended for histologic demonstration of spirochetes and nonfilamentous bacteria in sections of paraffin-embedded tissue. Manufacturer: Sigma Diagnostics™ HT101A1KT. Catalog No. SDHT101A. $1,105.00 / Each. Includes: Gum Mastic Solution (kit only

Preventing Gastric Cancer Development by Inhibiting the

The pathologist will stain with hematoxylin and eosin in the samples from the stomach and will look for the presence of neutrophils, which are the hallmark of H. pylori infection. If they see neutrophils, they will look for H. pylori in the mucous lining and may do a silver stain (also called a Steiner stain) to look for bacteria in the stomach

Histological and immunohistochemical detection of

Steiner stain, 850X. ods in identifying H. pylori after specific therapy.57 Immunohistochemistry has been infrequently em-ployed as a diagnostic assay or aid in studies of the pathogenesis of gastric Helicobacter infection in vet-erinary medicine.42,58,75

Systems Modeling of the Role of Interleukin-21 in the

Moreover, a Steiner stain was performed to localize the H. pylori bacteria within the gastric tissue, as previously described . Mathematical modeling. To assert the dynamics of IL-21-related pathways in CD4 + T cells, an o rdinary d ifferential e quation (ODE)-based CD4 + T cell differentiation model was used in its wild-type and IL-21 −/−

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PDF How to Diagnose and Treat Lawsonia intracellularis – AAEP

Warthin-Starry silver stain of affected intestinal tis-sue6 is an excellent diagnostic tool at post-mortem examination. Unless a sample of intestine was ob-tained during an exploratory laparotomy, this test has limited use in the clinical case. Although rectal biopsies can be performed, the tissue obtained may

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American Society for Microbiology

American Society for Microbiology

Special Diagnostic Techniques in – Basicmedical Key

Note: all bacteria are nonselectively blackened by silver impregnation methods such as the Warthin-Starry and Steiner stains • These methods are more sensitive for small gram-negative bacteria (e.g., Legionella species, Helicobacter pylori , and Bartonella species) than tissue Gram stain • Ziehl-Neelsen method for acid-fast bacteria (AFB) •

Bartonella henselae Infections in Solid Organ Transplant

A positive Warthin-Starry or Steiner stain was noted in 12 of 19 patients (63%) who had 1 of these stains performed. All 8 patients with cat scratch disease and 19 of 21 patients with disseminated bartonellosis were cured with antimicrobia